Modal Auxiliary Verb - 2. Obligation (Keinginan yang kuat)

Obligation (Keinginan yang Kuat)
Meaning : Harus
Modal :

• Must* → Present/Future
• Had to → Past

Similar Expression of modal :

• Have (got) to* → Present
• Shall/Will have to → Future
• Be to → All tenses

Negative Obligation
Mening : tidak boleh
Modal :

• Must not/Mustn't → Present/Future

Absesnce of obligation/lack of Necessity
Meaning : Tidak harus, tidak perlu
Similar Expression of Modal :

• Haven't (got) to

          Don't/doesn't have to

• Shan't/Won't have to → Future
• Hadn't to

          Didn't have to

• Needn't 

          Don't/Doesn't need

NOTE :
*Must

• Untuk menyatakan keharusan yang mengacu pada unsur internal.
• Untuk mengungkapkan bahwa orang yang berbicara mengharapkan/memerintah agar seseorang melakukan sesuatu.

*Have (got) to

• Untuk menyatakan keharusan karena adanya faktor-faktor/aturan-aturan dari luar dirinya yang mengharuskannya untuk melakukan sesuatu.

e.g. :

• You must get up earlier in the morning.
• I had to work late yesterday.
• I have to ("hafta") be home by eight.
• He has to ("hasta") go to meeting tonight.
• I have got to go ("I've gotta go/I gotta go") now.
• You will have to across the line by the footbridge.
• You needn't go on a diet; but you must eat sensibly and you musn't overeat.
• She didn't need to go out, so she stayed at home.
• You needn't wait any longer. You can go now.
• We mustn't make a noise. We must be quiet.
• You must move your car. You can't /mustn't park here.
• The committee is to meet tomorrow.